menus Articles & Videos

  • Designing Effective Contextual Menus: 10 Guidelines

    Contextual menus reduce clutter and interaction cost but have low information scent. Prioritize clarity, consistency, and proximity to balance the tradeoffs.

  • Menu-Design Checklist: 17 UX Guidelines

    People rely on menus to find content and use features. Use this checklist to make sure your menus do their job.

  • Challenges for Screen-Reader Users on Mobile

    Using a screen reader on mobile is challenging because users must access information sequentially and they cannot easily scan page content. Screen-reader users do not consider accessibility menus helpful.

  • The UX of Phone-Tree Systems: 16 Usability Guidelines

    Phone trees are often frustrating. Badly designed interactive voice-response (IVR) systems violate many of the 10 usability heuristics.

  • Information Architecture: Study Guide

    Unsure where to start? Use this collection of links to our articles and videos to learn about information architecture (IA).

  • Accot-Zhai Steering Law: Implications for UI Design

    Dropdowns, hierarchical menus, sliders, or scroll bars involve steering a pointer or a cursor through a tunnel; optimal design for these GUI elements should consider the Steering Law.

  • Split Buttons: Definition

    A split button is a dual-function menu button that offers a default action as well as the possibility of choosing a different action by selecting from a set of alternatives.

  • Contextual Menus: Delivering Relevant Tools for Tasks

    Contextual menus are displayed on demand and contain a small set of relevant actions, related to a control, a piece of content, a view in an app, or an area of the UI. When designed right, they deliver relevant tools for completing tasks without adding clutter to the interface.

  • UI Copy: UX Guidelines for Command Names and Keyboard Shortcuts

    Labels for commands should be brief, informative, rely on verbs and adjectives, and avoid branded terms. Command shortcuts must limit the number of modifiers and follow standard conventions.

  • What the Erroneous Hawaiian Missile Alert Can Teach Us About Error Prevention

    People should not be blamed for errors caused by poorly designed systems.

  • Dropdowns: Design Guidelines

    Dropdown boxes and menus are overused and clunky but can be useful for revealing a list of options or commands.

  • Mega Menus Work Well for Site Navigation

    Large, rectangular menus group navigation options to eliminate scrolling and use typography, icons, and tooltips to explain users' choices.

  • Hamburger Menus and Hidden Navigation Hurt UX Metrics

    Discoverability is cut almost in half by hiding a website’s main navigation. Also, task time is longer and perceived task difficulty increases.

  • Expandable Menus: Pull-Down, Square, or Pie?

    Selecting an option inside a menu depends on how far away that option is from the menu icon. Drop-down menus, megamenus, pie or radial menus, and marking menus arrange items in different patterns to optimize the reach time.

  • List Thumbnails on Mobile: When to Use Them and Where to Place Them

    Decide whether and where to display thumbnails for list items based on the images’ importance relative to associated text, on whether images will be displayed for all list items, and on whether the small images are recognizably different from each other.

  • Top 3 IA Questions about Navigation Menus

    The number and order of navigation categories, and use of hover menus for touchscreens are frequently asked questions that arise when organizing information on a website or application.

  • Maximize the Content-to-Chrome Ratio, Not the Amount of Content on Screen

    On a large screen, hiding the chrome significantly affects discoverability and interaction cost, with virtually no improvement to the content-to-chrome ratio.

  • Bad Intranet Navigation Labels: 3 Workarounds

    Many intranets are saddled with poorly understood labels. If you can't change them, add context to make these labels more transparent to users.

  • Killing Off the Global Navigation: One Trend to Avoid

    For desktop sites, demoting your main content categories into a drop-down menu makes it harder for users to discover your offerings.

  • Mega Menus Gone Wrong

    Big 2-D drop-downs can facilitate site navigation – if they're properly designed. Two examples illustrate some mega menu usability pitfalls.