Independent and Dependent Variables: Increase Impact with Small Changes

Summary: Learn how to structure your research with independent and dependent variables to increase the clarity and impact of your work.

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Between-Subjects vs. Within-Subjects Study Design

In user research, between-groups designs reduce learning effects; repeated-measures designs require fewer participants and minimize the random noise.

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Caleb Sponheim Ph.D. is a User Experience Specialist with Nielsen Norman Group. A former computational neuroscientist, his expertise includes quantitative user experience research, statistics, analytics, and data science.

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