conversational interfaces Articles & Videos

  • Designing AI Products and Features: Study Guide

    Unsure where to start? Use this collection of links to our articles and videos to learn about recommendations for designing AI products and features.

  • Artificial Intelligence: Glossary

    Plain-language definitions of the AI terms that come up in product and design work, from tokens and context windows to agents, evals, and prompt injection.

  • The 5 Qualities of Site-Specific AI Chatbots

    Handoff willingness, flexibility, proactivity, emotional responsiveness, and transparency help you build trustworthy AI chatbots that guide users well.

  • Explainable AI in Chat Interfaces

    Explanation text in AI chat interfaces is intended to help users understand AI outputs, but current practices fall short of that goal.

  • How AI Works and How Users Think About It: Study Guide

    Unsure where to start? Use this collection of links to our articles and videos to learn about how artificial intelligence works, and how users think about it.

  • The Wizard of Oz Method in UX

    The Wizard of Oz is a user-research method where a user interacts with a mock interface controlled, to some degree, by a person.

  • ELIZA Effect: Why We Fall in Love with AI

    The ELIZA effect describes users' tendency to quickly attribute human characteristics to artificial systems when the interaction feels human-like. This is why people fall in love with AI.

  • The ELIZA Effect: Why We Love AI

    Users quickly attribute human-like characteristics to artificial systems, which reflect their personality back to them. This phenomenon is called the ELIZA effect.

  • The User Experience of Chatbots

    Far from being ‘intelligent’, today’s chatbots guide users through simple linear flows, and our user research shows that they have a hard time whenever users deviate from such flows.

  • What Could an Intelligent Assistant Do for You? A Diary Study of User Needs

    There are big gaps between what users need to do, what they actually do, and what is possible to do with today’s intelligent assistants.

  • The Paradox of Intelligent Assistants: Poor Usability, High Adoption

    Frequent users of Siri, Alexa, and Google Assistant report attempting low-complexity tasks such as simple fact retrievals, weather forecast, navigation, playing music, setting timers.

  • WeChat: China’s Integrated Internet User Experience

    User research finds that tightly integrated services with simple and unified design make people use WeChat; mainly through traditional GUI interactions, not a “conversational UI.”